1. Home
  2. Vol 53, No 4 (2021)
  3. Sunarti

The Effect of Physical Activity on Social Isolation in Elderly

Sri Sunarti, Khonsaa Aadilah Hafizhoh Subagyo, Tita Haryanti, Achmad Rudijanto, Retty Ratnawati, Setyawati Soeharto, Maryunani Maryunani

Abstract


Background: Elderly people who have poor social relationships have a higher risk of death than those who have strong social networks. Loneliness and social isolation are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Physical activity can reduce social isolation, diverting feelings of loneliness by socializing with other people and expanding social networks by participating in the community. This study aimed to determine the effect of physical activity on social isolation in the elderly. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted to 181 respondents. The data is collected through interviewing respondents with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and social isolation questionnaires. The data was then analyzed descriptively and calculated using Fisher’s exact test. Setting: Ardirejo and Panggungrejo villages, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency. Results: Based on the Fisher’s exact between  physical activity and social isolation results were obtained p-value 0.000 (PR = 23.407; 95% CI = 3,117-175,800). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between physical activity and social isolation in the elderly in the community.

Keywords


Social isolation; elderly; physical activity; social interaction

References


Narulita. Manajemen sehat lansia. Jakarta: Pustaka Belajar; 2013.

Damayanti Y, Sukmono AC. Perbedaan tingkat kesepian lansia yang tinggal di panti werdha dan di rumah bersama keluarga. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan. 2013;8(1):1–10.

Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Buletin jendela data dan informasi kesehatan. Kementrian Kesehatan RI. 2013.

Ogundiran OO. Social isolation in the elderly: Psysical activity to the rescue. Degenerative Intellect Dev Disabil. 2017;1(1):1–3.

Nicholson NR. Social isolation in older adults: An evolutionary concept analysis. J Advan Nurs. 2009;65(6):1342–52.

Stephanie Desmon. Mouse research links adolescent stress and severe adult mental illness [Internet]. John Hopkins Medicine. 2013. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/media/releases/mouse_research_links_adolescent_stress_and_severe_adult_mental_illness

Valtorta NK, Kanaan M, Gilbody S, Ronzi S, Hanratty B. Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: Systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies. Heart. 2016;102:1009–16.

Robins LM, Jansons P, Haines T. The impact of physical activity interventions on social isolation among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review. Research & Reviews: J Nurs Health Sci. 2016;2(1):62–71.

Robins LM, Hill KD, Finch CF, Clemson L, Haines T. The association between physical activity and social isolation in community-dwelling older adults. Aging and Mental Health. 2018.

Coyle CE, Dugan E. Social isolation, loneliness and health among older adults. J Aging Health. 2012;24(8):1346–63.

National Prevention Council. Healthy aging in action. Healthy aging in action: Advancing the National Prevention Strategy. 2016.

Abdi A, Hariyanto T, Ardiyani VM. Aktivitas lansia berhubungan dengan status kesehatan lansia di Posyandu Permadi Kelurahan Tlogomas Kecamatan Lowokwaru Kota Malang. Nursing News. 2017;2(3):272–80.

Sunarti S, Hariyanti T, Chriswantara RT. Physical activities, sitting time and frailty syndrome in elderly (A cross sectional study among elder person by Fried criteria). MNJ (Malang Neurol J). 2018;4(2):59–64.

Harris Country Psychiatric Centre. Schizophrenia. University of Texas Health County Psychiatric Centre. 2008.

Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjöström M, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2003;35(8):1381–95.

Suyoto PST, Huriyati E, Susilowati R, Julia M. Relative validity of administered Indonesian version of the short-form international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) among obese adolescent girl population. Pakistan J Nutr. 2016;15(9):816–20.

Auerbach J, DeSalvo K. The social determinants of health. Handbook of geriatric assessment. 5th Edition. Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett; 2019. p. 89–101.

Badan Pusat Statistik. Statistik penduduk usia lanjut 2019. Badan Pusat Statistik. 2019.

BJ S. Fitness and health. 2nd ed. In: Nasution TED, editor. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada; 2011.

Ismayanti N, Solikhah. Hubungan antara pola konsumsi dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pada lansia di panti sosial tresna werdha unit Abiyoso Yogyakarta. J Kes Masy. 2013;6(3):162–73.

Vaupel JW, Villavicencio F, Bergeron-Boucher M-P. Demographic perspectives on the rise of longevity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [Internet]. 2021;118(9). Available from: https://www.pnas.org/content/118/9/e2019536118

Mindianata P. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap niat keaktifan lansia dalam mengikuti Posyandu lansia. Jurnal PROMKES. 2018;6(2):2013–225.

Wardani NEJ, Roosita K. Aktivitas fisik, asupan energi, dan produktivitas kerja pria dewasa: studi kasus di perkebunan teh Malabar PTPN VIII Bandung, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan. 2008.

FAO/WHO/UNU. Human energy requirements. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation: Rome, 17–24 October 2001. AO food and nutrition technical report series. 2004;

Khumaidi M. Gizi Masyarakat. Bogor: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Pusat antar Universitas Pangan dan Gizi IPB; 1989.

Steeves JA, Murphy RA, Zipunnikov V, Strath SJ, Harris TB. Women workers and women at home are equally inactive: NHANES 2003-2006. Medicine and science in sports and exercise [Internet]. 2015 Aug;47(8):1635–42. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25412296

Dunlop DD, Song J, Semanik PA, et al. Relation of physical activity time to incident disability in community dwelling adults with or at risk of knee arthritis: prospective cohort study. BMJ (Clinical research ed). 2014;348:g2472.

Thivel D, Tremblay A, Genin PM, Panahi S, Rivière D, Duclos M. Physical activity, inactivity, and sedentary behaviors: Definitions and implications in occupational health. Frontiers Public Health. 2018;6:288.

Cheah YK, Poh BK. The determinants of participation in physical activity in Malaysia. Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives. 2014;5(1):20–7.

Vagetti GC, Filho VCB, Moreira NB, De Oliveira V, Mazzardo O, De Campos W. The association between physical activity and quality of life domains among older women. J Aging Physic Act. 2015;23(4):524–33.

Arem H, Moore SC, Patel A, et al. Leisure time physical activity and mortality: A detailed pooled analysis of the dose-response relationship. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(6):959–67.

McKee G, Kearney PM, Kenny RA. The factors associated with self-reported physical activity in older adults living in the community. Age and ageing. 2015;44(4):586–92.

Donoghue O, Connell M, Kenny R. Walking to wellbeing: Physical activity, social participation and psychological health in Irish adults aged 50 years and older. The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing 2016. 2016;

Seyfzadeh A, Haghighatian M, Mohajerani A. Social isolation in the elderly: The neglected issue. Iranian J Publ Health. 2019;48(2):365–6.

Seyfzadeh A, Hagighatian M, Mohajerani A. The relationship between social isolation and health among the tehranian elderly. J Edu Comm Health. 2017;4(3):19–25.

Keysor JJ, Jette AM, Lavalley MP, et al. Community environmental factors are associated with disability in older adults with functional limitations: The (MOST) study. J Gerontol - Series A Biological Sci Med Sci. 2010;65(4):393–9.

Schrempft S, Jackowska M, Hamer M, Steptoe A. Associations between social isolation, loneliness, and objective physical activity in older men and women. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(74):1–10.

Paterson DH, Jones GR, Rice CL. Ageing and physical activity: Evidence to develop exercise recommendations for older adults. Applied Physiol Nutr Metabolism. 2007;98:S69-108.

Hinterlong JE. Race disparities in health among older adults: Examining the role of productive engagement. Health Social Work. 2006;31(4):275–88.

Brown SL, Nesse RM, Vinokur AD, Smith DM. Providing social support may be more beneficial than receiving it: Results from a prospective study of mortality. Psychol Sci. 2003;14(4):320–7.

Gottlieb BH, Gillespie AA. Volunteerism, health, and civic engagement among older adults. Canadian J Aging/La Revue canadienne du vieillissement. 2008;27(4):399–406.

Hao Y. Productive activities and psychological well-being among older adults. J Gerontol - Series B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2008;63(2):s64-72.

Shvedko A V., Thompson JL, Greig CA, Whittaker AC. Physical activity intervention for loneliness (PAIL) in community-dwelling older adults: Protocol for a feasibility study. Pilot and Feasibility Studies. 2018;6(72):1–15.

Stevens N. Combating loneliness: A friendship enrichment programme for older women. Ageing and Society. 2001;21(2):183–102.

Newall NEG, Chipperfield JG, Bailis DS, Stewart TL. Consequences of loneliness on physical activity and mortality in older adults and the power of positive emotions. Health Psychol. 2013;32(8):921–4.

Henry KB, Arrow H, Carini B. A tripartite model of group identification: Theory and measurement. Small Group Research. 1999;30(5):558–81.

Blazer DG, Hybels CF. Origins of depression in later life. Psychol Med. 2005;35:1241–52.

Elovainio M, Hakulinen C, Pulkki-Råback L, et al. Contribution of risk factors to excess mortality in isolated and lonely individuals: an analysis of data from the UK Biobank cohort study. Lancet Publ Health. 2017;2(6):e260–6.

Hakulinen C, Pulkki-Råback L, Virtanen M, Jokela M, Kivimäki M, Elovainio M. Social isolation and loneliness as risk factors for myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality: UK Biobank cohort study of 479 054 men and women. Heart. 2018;104(18):1536–42.


Full Text: PDF

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.