Bridging Palliative Care and HIV/AIDS: A Call for Integrated Approaches

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) remain significant global health challenges. Beyond the physical manifestations, individuals living with HIV/AIDS often grapple with psychological burdens, notably anxiety, which can adversely affect their quality of life (QoL) and physiological stress markers, such as cortisol levels. Palliative care, traditionally associated with end-of-life support, has evolved to address the multifaceted needs of chronic illness patients, including those with HIV/AIDS.  In the world, 1.89 million individuals require palliative care due to pain, and around 2.7 million people have HIV. This editorial explores the role of palliative care in enhancing QoL and modulating cortisol levels among HIV/AIDS patients experiencing anxiety. Palliative care is holistic, addressing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs. In the context of HIV/AIDS, palliative interventions have demonstrated efficacy in alleviating symptoms, reducing psychological distress, and improving overall well-being. A systematic review highlighted that home-based palliative care and inpatient hospice services significantly improved patient outcomes in pain management, symptom control, anxiety reduction, and spiritual well-being. Palliative care emerges as a vital component in the comprehensive management of HIV/AIDS, particularly for patients grappling with anxiety. By enhancing quality of life and potentially modulating stress-induced hormonal imbalances, palliative interventions offer a holistic approach that addresses both psychological and physiological aspects of the disease. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms by which palliative care influences cortisol levels and exploring its long-term benefits on disease progression and patient well-being.