The Use of Complementary Alternative Medicine in HIV-infected Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic: Its Related Factors and Drug Interactions with Antiretroviral Therapy

Authors

  • Evy Yunihastuti 1. Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 2. HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Teguh Harjono Karjadi 1. Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 2. HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Nafrialdi Nafrialdi Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Indah Mediana HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Salma Sundari HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Andrian Wiraguna HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Aljira Fitya Hapsari HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Amalia Irsha Adhari HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Aulia N. S. Putri Khumaini HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
  • Tiara Kumala Putri HIV Integrated Unit, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Keywords:

complementary therapies, HIV, COVID-19, herbal, drug interactions

Abstract

Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widespread among patients with chronic disease despite lack of supporting evidence for most CAM types. Concerned regarding higher risk of COVID-19 for HIV-infected patients, probably increase the use of CAM during COVID-19 pandemic in this population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors related to CAM use among HIV-infected patients during COVID-19 pandemic, then identify drug- to-drug interaction (DDI) of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs with CAM that they used. Methods: The study was conducted in HIV Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in September-October 2021, specifically targeting adults HIV-infected patients routinely using ARV. Demographic and clinical data, including COVID-19 and vaccine history, were taken from clinic survey and hospital medical records data. Results: 554 of 1275 patients (43.5%) reported using any type of ingested CAM during COVID-19 pandemic, mostly vitamins and/or minerals. Factors related to CAM use were history of COVID-19 infection (aOR 2.28; 95% CI 1.65-3.14) and 2-5 years ARV duration compared to more than 10 years (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.02–1.91). Five known potential interactions involving 20 patients and two potential weak interactions involving 8 patients were found, but many of other interactions categorized as unknown. Only limited number of patients (3.8%) were aware about the drug interaction between ARV and CAM that they used. Conclusion: CAM was commonly used by HIV-infected patients on ARV during the COVID-19 pandemics, but patient awareness related to CAM-ARV drug interactions was exteremely low.

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Published

2022-04-08

How to Cite

Yunihastuti, E., Karjadi, T. H., Nafrialdi, N., Mediana, I., Sundari, S., Wiraguna, A., Hapsari, A. F., Adhari, A. I., Khumaini, A. N. S. P., & Putri, T. K. (2022). The Use of Complementary Alternative Medicine in HIV-infected Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic: Its Related Factors and Drug Interactions with Antiretroviral Therapy. Acta Medica Indonesiana, 54(1), 97. Retrieved from http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/2055

Issue

Vol. 54 No. 1 (2022): Acta Medica Indonesiana

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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