Effects of Pipemidic Acid, Phenazopyridine HCL and Sodium Diclofenac on Pain Perception Following Endoscopic Urological Surgery: Double-blinded Randomized-Controlled Trial

Authors

  • Prahara Yuri Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Zulfikar Ali Department of Surgery, Kardinah Hospital, Tegal, Central Java, Indonesia
  • Nur Rasyid Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Ponco Birowo Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Keywords:

Pipemidic acid, phenazopyridine, sodium diclofenac, endoscopic urology, visual analog scale

Abstract

Aim: to evaluate the analgesic effect, the side effects and the safety of analgesics following endoscopic urological procedure. Methods: eighty patients who underwent endoscopic urological surgery at Kardinah Hospital, Tegal from June to July 2015 were divided into four groups. The experimental group was administered analgesic for 4 days pipemidic acid (A) 400 mg bid, or phenazopyridine (B) 200 mg tid, or sodium diclofenac (C) 50 mg bid and the control (D) group was administered placebo tid for 4 days. The analgesic effects were assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Association between variables was assessed using Cramers V and Kruskall Wallis. Results: the endoscopic urological procedures consisted of 30 patients for URS, 6 patients for lithotripsy, 17 patients for TURP, 24 patients for removal JJ stent and 3 patients for cystoscopy. The mean age of group A, B, C and D (control) was 50.1 (13.7), 50.7 (14.8), 49.1 (13.4), and 49.6 (14.3) years, respectively, and follow-up period was 7 days. The VAS score in all experimental groups was less than control group on day 1 to 7 following endoscopic urological procedures (p<0.05). In the experimental group, there was no difference between groups B and C (p>0.05). Group A demonstrated a more favourable analgesic effect than B and C (p<0.05). No serious side effects were detected in any of the cases. Conclusion: we conclude that oral analgesics are effective for pain relief following endoscopic urological surgery. Pipemidic acid was found to have a superior analgesic effect than phenazopyridine HCl and sodium diclofenac.

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Published

2017-05-10

How to Cite

Yuri, P., Ali, Z., Rasyid, N., & Birowo, P. (2017). Effects of Pipemidic Acid, Phenazopyridine HCL and Sodium Diclofenac on Pain Perception Following Endoscopic Urological Surgery: Double-blinded Randomized-Controlled Trial. Acta Medica Indonesiana, 48(3), 184-192. Retrieved from http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/192

Issue

Vol. 48 No. 3 (2016): Acta Medica Indonesiana

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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