The Dominance of CRF01_AE and the Emergence of Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, HIV-1-infected Individuals in Medan, Indonesia

Authors

  • Dwi Wahyu Indriati Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Centre for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • M Qushai Yunifiar Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Centre for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Centre for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Shuhei Ueda Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
  • Tomohiro Kotaki Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan
  • Nasronudin Nasronudin Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Centre for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Masanori Kameoka Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5525-9915

Keywords:

HIV-1, CRF01_AE, antiretroviral therapy, drug resistance, Medan

Abstract

Background: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is a serious public health threat worldwide. Medan is one example of big cities in Indonesia with a high prevalence of HIV-1 infection; however, quite a limited study had conducted for detecting the circulation of HIV-1 subtypes in Medan. In addition, a serious factor that can implicate the treatment of HIV-1-infected individuals is the emergence of drug resistance mutations. Thus, the information on HIV-1 infection is important to improve the treatment for infected individuals. Methods: sixty-seven antiretroviral therapy-experienced, HIV-1-infected individuals were recruited for this study. HIV-1 pol genes encoding protease (PR genes) and reverse transcriptase (RT gene), as well as env and gag genes, were amplified from DNA derived from peripheral blood samples. HIV-1 subtyping was conducted to study the dominant HIV-1 subtype circulating in the region. In addition, the emergence of drug resistance mutations was analyzed based on the guidelines published by the International Antiviral Society-United States of America (IAS-USA). Results: the dominant HIV-1 subtype found in Medan was CRF01_AE (77.6%). In addition, another subtype and recombinant viruses such as recombinants between CRF01_AE and subtype B (12.2%), subtype B (4.1%), and CRF02_AG (4.1%) were also found. Drug resistance-associated major mutations were found in 21.6% (8/37) of RT genes and 3.1% (1/32) of PR genes studied. Conclusion:our study showed that the dominant subtype found in ART-experienced, HIV-1-infected individuals residing in Medan was CRF01_AE. The emergence of drug resistance mutations in RT and PR genes indicated the importance to monitor the prevalence of drug resistance mutations among HIV-1-infected individuals in Medan. 

Author Biography

Masanori Kameoka, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences

Professor, Department of Public Health

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Published

2020-12-28

How to Cite

Indriati, D. W., Witaningrum, A. M., Yunifiar, M. Q., Khairunisa, S. Q., Ueda, S., Kotaki, T., Nasronudin, N., & Kameoka, M. (2020). The Dominance of CRF01_AE and the Emergence of Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, HIV-1-infected Individuals in Medan, Indonesia. Acta Medica Indonesiana, 52(4), 366. Retrieved from http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1429

Issue

Vol. 52 No. 4 (2020): Acta Medica Indonesiana

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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